Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-briquette?

I-Briquette yenziwe ngamalahle agayiwe njengeyona nto eyinhloko eluhlaza, futhi ibunjwa ngokucubungula ngomshini ngokuya ngenani, amandla emishini, kanye nokuma okudingwa uhlelo oluthile. Imikhiqizo yamalahle enamandla athile, usayizi nokuma, imikhiqizo yamalahle evamile ihlanganisa ama-Briquette, ama-briquette, izinti zamalahle, ama-briquette, njll.

Njengohlobo lobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amalahle ahlanzekile, ukukhiqizwa kwe-briquette kunezinzuzo zokusebenza okulula, ubuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe, izindleko eziphansi, ukonga amandla okusobala nokusebenza kahle, nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ekhishwayo. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ihlukaniswe yaba ukubumba okungenayo i-binder, ukubumba okuhlanganisayo, kanye nezinhlobo ezintathu ezishisayo zokubunjwa kokucindezelwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemishini yokwakha, efana nemishini yokwenza izitembu, imishini yokwenza amaroll, ama-screw extruder kanye nemishini yamalahle yezinyosi.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-briquette. I-briquette ingaba amalahle, ama-noodle amalahle, i-slime yamalahle, ngokulandelanayo icindezelwe ibe yindilinga noma ezinye izimo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuhlanganisa amalahle agayiwe kanye ne-slime ibe yindilinga nezinye izimo. Isetshenziselwa ukushiswa kwama-boiler kanye nokukhiqizwa kwegesi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-briquette

Amalahle ayimpuphu noma amalahle ahlutshiwe acindezelwa ngendlela yomshini, futhi umkhiqizo wamalahle unomumo othile noma usayizi wezinhlayiyana. Okujwayelekile ama-briquette, ama-briquette nama-briquette. I-Briquette ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvutha, inciphise ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, yandise ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwamalahle angenalutho, amalahle egesi, amalahle omlilo amade nama-lignite namanye amalahle aguquguqukayo aphezulu nabuthakathaka, futhi isebenzise izinsiza zamalahle ngokunengqondo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-briquette ezisetshenziselwa izimboni kanye nokusetshenziswa komphakathi. I-Industrial briquette ihlanganisa i-briquette yamakhemikhali, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umanyolo wamakhemikhali, i-steam locomotive briquette, ne-metallurgical briquette (ebizwa nangokuthi i-briquette). I-Civil briquette, eyaziwa nangokuthi amalahle asekhaya, isetshenziselwa ukupheka nokufudumeza, ikakhulukazi ama-briquette.

I-briquette yezimboni

①I-briquette esetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali ivamise ukuba ngama-briquette angu-35-50mm, angenziwa nge-anthracite engaphansi kuka-3mm noma i-lignite eyimpushane enesivuno setiyela esingaphezu kuka-10%. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhiqiza igesi kumanyolo wamakhemikhali, ukukhiqiza i-semi-coke, uphethiloli owuketshezi noma wegesi kanye nokukhiqiza imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali efana ne-methanol ne-acetic acid.

②I-briquette esetshenziswa njengophethiloli wezitimela zesititi inezimo ezimbalwa ezifana nokuma okusaqanda kanye nokuma kokuconsa. Amalahle ezitimela ezakhiwe eChina angonga amalahle ngaphezu kuka-8%. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-briquette yamandla kudinga ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe ezifana nokusebenzisa ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa ukuze ukwazi kahle izici zokuguquguquka kokushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokusha, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-batching ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yamalahle, nokwandisa indawo yokuncibilika komlotha webriquette. Isibonelo, kumalahle anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwesibabule, i-catalytic reverse equilibrium kufanele isetshenziselwe ukukhulisa izinga lokuguqulwa kwesibabule ukuze kwehliswe ukungcola.

③I-coke eyakhiwe yakhiwa ngokwakha amalahle agayiwe ahlangene abuthaka kanye nokupheka kuhhavini wokupheka oqhubekayo, noma kusetshenziswa ukuhlaziya okushisayo okunesivinini esiphezulu ukuze kukhishwe ama-colloid ukuze kuzuzwe ukucindezela okushisayo ku-coke. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-coke kunganweba izinto zokusetshenziswa kokupheka futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamahhavini ama-coke. I-China isebenzisa ukubumba okuhlanganisa ingcindezi ephansi ukukhiqiza i-briquette yezimboni. I-binder ngokuvamile i-lime, i-petroleum pitch, i-tar pitch noma i-paper pulp waste liquid. Inani lincike ekuhlanganisweni kwamalahle, ngokuvamile ku-5-10%.

I-Civil briquette

Ngaphezu kwama-briquettes ajwayelekile kanye nama-briquettes, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-briquettes avuthayo okushisa kanye nama-briquette ashisayo okupheka ekhaya sekuqalile. Isakhiwo kanye nefomula yempahla eluhlaza yale briquette iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: ungqimba lokuthungela, isendlalelo sokuthungela kanye nomzimba wamalahle. Izithako zesendlalelo ngasinye zihlukile ngefomula.

①Isendlalelo sokuthungela sixutshwa kakhulu ne-oxidizer noma i-parafini wax, ikhabhoni, i-semi-coke powder nezinye izinto ezivuthayo ezixutshwe ne-binder.

②Iphoyinti lokuthungela lesendlalelo soshintsho liphakeme kancane kunesendlalelo sokuthungela, esingabasa umlilo. Ngakho-ke, amalahle asetshenziswayo adingekayo ukuze abe nenani elikhulu le-calorific lika-6000kcal/kg kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezifanele.

③Indikimba yamalahle ingakwazi ukusebenzisa i-anthracite, ilahle le-bituminous, i-lignite, i-peat noma i-flotation tailings ngokuya ngezimo zendawo. Lapho i-briquette eyenziwe ngamalahle e-bituminous ivutha, indaba eguquguqukayo kanye nekhabhoni yamahhala ekhiqizwa yi-pyrolysis ayishiswa ngokuphelele futhi iqhume. Ngakho-ke, indaba eguquguqukayo yezithako kufanele ilawulwe ngaphakathi kwebanga lika-20-25%, futhi inani elifanele le-coke ne-coke kufanele lengezwe. eluhlaza. Yenza ingaphakathi lomzimba wamalahle libe nesakhiwo esihle se-microporous, okwenza izimo zemvula efanayo yegesi evuthayo; kuyadingeka futhi ukuthuthukisa isitofu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwe-oxygen eyanele ukuze kuzuzwe ukusha okuphelele nokucindezelwa komusi. Ama-briquette ane-anthracite njengomzimba oyinhloko kufanele engezwe ngokufanelekile ngamalahle aguquguqukayo aphezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokushisa lomlilo, ukuphakama kanye nesivinini sokuvutha. Uma izithako zifanelekile, igesi ngemva kokushiswa kwama-briquettes ngokuvamile ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikela imvelo, kodwa izindleko ziphakeme kancane.

Izinzuzo ze-briquette

(1) Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komlilo futhi unciphise ukumosheka kwamandla

Njengendikimba eyinhloko ye-civil briquette, i-briquette ifakwe izitofu ezithuthukisiwe, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwayo kokushisa kuphakeme ngokuphindwe kabili kunamalahle ashisiwe. Phakathi kobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bamalahle ahlanzekile, amalahle ezimboni anezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuguqulwa kwamandla, afinyelela ku-97.5%, likhulu kakhulu kunobunye ubuchwepheshe. Imikhiqizo ye-boiler briquette inosayizi omkhulu wezinhlayiyana, ezingaqinisekisa izikhala ezidingekayo ngesikhathi sokusha, futhi ukusebenza kahle komlilo kuphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani lamalahle eliveziwe lincane. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushiswa kwamalahle aluhlaza, konga amalahle angama-15% kuya ku-20%.

(2) Yehlisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo

I-boiler evuthayo yamalahle inganciphisa kakhulu ukungcoliswa komoya. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuvutha kwamalahle aluhlaza, ukukhishwa kwe-SO2 kuncipha cishe ngo-40% kuya ku-60%, ukukhishwa kwe-NO2 kuncipha cishe ngo-40%, ukukhishwa kwe-soot kuncipha cishe ngo-60%, kanye ne-carcinogens eqinile (i-Bap) yehliswa ngaphezu kuka-50%, enemiphumela esobala yokuvikela imvelo. Ukwengezwa kwama-ejenti okulungisa isibabule kanye nama-binder ngesikhathi sokucubungula i-briquette kunganciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-SO2 ngo-40% kuya ku-50%, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kunganciphisa ukukhishwa kothuli oluqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-briquette ingasebenzisa udoti wezimboni kanye nemfucuza yezolimo njengesibopho, iguqule imfucuza ibe ingcebo, inciphise ukukhishwa kwemfucuza emithathu.

(3) Shintsha ukungasebenzi kahle kohlobo olulodwa lwamalahle

Enqubweni yokucubungula nokukhiqiza i-briquette, ngokusebenzisa izithasiselo, amalahle anezakhiwo ezahlukene ahlanganiswa futhi ahlanganiswe ukuze kutholakale izinkomba ezifana nenkomba yokuhlangana, indawo yokuthungela, okuqukethwe komlotha, indawo yokuncibilika komlotha, okuqukethwe kwesibabule, i-carbon engaguquki, okuqukethwe okuguquguqukayo, kanye nenani le-calorific Ukuthuthukiswa kukhulise ukusebenza kabusha, ukuvutha nokusimama kokushisa kwamalahle, kwandise indawo yokuncibilika komlotha, futhi kwakhiqiza imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu enezinkomba ezihlukahlukene ezihlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende. Isibonelo, ngokuhlanganisa amalahle, amalahle angapheki angenziwa abe yi-coke ebunjiwe esikhundleni se-coke ye-metallurgical; amalahle e-bituminous angenziwa abe i-anthracite briquette ukuze athathele indawo yamalahle e-anthracite enza igesi, ngaleyo ndlela andise ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle.

(4) Yehlisa isidingo samalahle esigaxa

Ingxenye enkulu yamabhoyela ezimbonini zaseShayina kanye neziko abaswa ungqimba futhi adinga isigaxa samalahle; ukukhiqizwa kwegesi yokwenziwa kanye negesi yamafutha embonini kamanyolo yamakhemikhali yaseChina kudinga isigaxa samalahle. Ukuthuthukiswa kwebriquette yezimboni kungadambisa ukushoda kwamalahle ayisigaxa lapho eshoda, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvule indlela yobuchwepheshe ukuze kusetshenziswe amalahle amahle ngendlela ephusile.

Izinkinga ezikhona ekushiseni i-briquette yezimboni kumabhoyela ezimboni akhona:

1. Kunzima ukuthungela ilangabi.

2. Misa isithando somlilo ukuze ucime umlilo.

3. Ukushisa kwesithando somlilo kuphansi, isikhathi sokushisa i-briquette side, ukushisa akuhlanzekile, futhi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni emlotheni kuphezulu.

Izidingo ze-briquette yezimboni:

1. Inamandla anele emishini ebandayo;

2. Yiba nokusimama okwanele kokushisa;

3. Inokumelana nomswakama okuqinile nokusebenza okungangeni manzi;

4. Inokumelana nesithwathwa okuqinile;

5. Ngokusebenza kokwelapha okusheshayo kwemvelo;

6. Yonga amandla;

7. Yehlisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo;

8. Izindleko eziphansi nezinga eliphezulu.

Lapho kuhlolwa ikhwalithi ye-briquette yezimboni, ngaphezu kokuhlaziywa kwezimboni nokuhlaziywa kwesici se-briquette, izinkomba zesici ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe:

1. Amandla omshini: okuhlanganisa amandla emishini abandayo (ashisayo), amandla econsi, amandla esigubhu, njll. Njengamanje, alikho izinga elihlanganisiwe lekhwalithi likazwelonke lamalahle ezimboni, kuphela izinga lekhwalithi likazwelonke lokufakwa kwegesi namalahle okubhayela. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, izinkomba zokuhlola eziyinhloko "zokuthuthukiswa kwamalahle ezimbonini" kwakuyilezi: amandla okucindezela abandayo angu-350 ~ 500N/ibhola, amandla okuwisa angaphezu kuka-75%, namandla esigubhu angaphezu kuka-70%. Ukwengeza, izidingo zamandla emishini eziqashelwa ochwepheshe abaningi bamalahle afuywayo ukuze kufakwe i-gasification briquette yilezi: amandla okucindezela abandayo angaphezu kwebhola elingu-400/N, amandla okucindezela ashisayo angaphezu kuka-200N/ibhola, ukuzinza okushisayo okukhulu kuno-75%, namandla okwehlisa angaphezu kuka-200N/N/ 80% , Izidingo zekhwalithi ze-briquette yamafutha njengama-boilers nazo zingakhululeka.

2. Impahla yokuncibilika komlotha: Impahla yokuncibilika komlotha i-ST yebrikhethi yamalahle ukuze kufakwe umoya ingaphezulu kuka-1250℃.

3. Ukusebenza kokulungiswa kwesibabule: izinga lokulungiswa kwesibabule lamalahle emboni ane-ejenti yokulungisa isibabule eyengeziwe kufanele libe likhulu kuno-45%.

4. Ukumelana namanzi: hlola ukusebenza kwe-briquette ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini.

Ngokungeziwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezimboni nokuhlaziywa kwezinto, i-civil briquette ihlanganisa:

1. Inani lekhalori: Kufanele libe likhulu kuno-16.6~20.8MJ/kg, elihluka ezifundeni ezihlukene.

2. Amandla acindezelayo obuso bokuphela kwamalahle oju: Ф102mm, mkhulu kuno-600N/block; Ф127mm, enkulu kuno-700N/block.

3. Ukuzinza kokushisa: akukho ukugoqa kwesithando somlilo, akukho ukuxhuma, akukho slagging, akukho ukuqhuma ngesikhathi somlilo.

4. Isivinini sokushisisa: ngaphezu kuka-1℃/min.

5. Amandla omlilo: mkhulu kuno-15/min.

6. Ukusebenza kahle kokushisa: kungaphezu kuka-40%.

7. Ukuncibilika komlotha: kukhulu kuno-1100℃.