How does the compound cone crusher work?

A compound cone crusher is a type of cone crusher that combines multiple crushing actions into one unit, making it suitable for crushing hard, medium-hard, and abrasive materials. The working principle of a compound cone crusher involves several components and processes, which can be summarized as follows:

Working principle of compound cone crusher

Crushing Chamber Design: The geometry of the crushing chamber plays a crucial role in determining the crusher's performance. A compound cone crusher typically has a steep crushing chamber with a long parallel zone for the primary crushing action and a shorter parallel zone for secondary or tertiary crushing.

Eccentric Shaft and Bearing Assembly: The eccentric shaft is mounted on the main frame of the crusher and is driven by the motor through a belt drive system. As the eccentric shaft rotates, it causes the mantle to move in a circular motion, crushing the material against the concave liner.

Mantle and Concave Liners: The mantle is a movable component that gyrates within the fixed concave liner. The crushing action occurs when the mantle moves closer to or away from the concave liner, crushing the material between them. The gap between the mantle and concave liner, known as the crushing chamber, can be adjusted to control the size of the crushed product.

Hydraulic System: Many modern compound cone crushers are equipped with a hydraulic system that allows for easy adjustment of the crushing chamber and setting changes. Hydraulic cylinders are used to apply pressure to the main shaft, adjusting the position of the mantle relative to the concave liner.

Feed Distribution Plate: The feed distribution plate distributes the incoming feed material evenly across the entire width of the crushing chamber, ensuring efficient utilization of the crushing surfaces and preventing uneven wear.

Tramp Release System: To protect the crusher from damage due to uncrushable materials (tramp iron, etc.), a tramp release system is typically incorporated into the design. This system allows the mantle to move away from the concave liner temporarily, releasing the uncrushable material before returning to its original position.

Operating Principle: During operation, the material enters the crushing chamber from the top and is progressively crushed between the mantle and concave liner. As the material is crushed, it falls lower into the crushing chamber until it is small enough to pass through the discharge opening at the bottom of the crusher.

Overall, the working principle of a compound cone crusher involves the combined action of crushing surfaces, eccentric motion, hydraulic adjustment, and tramp release to achieve efficient and uniform crushing of hard, medium-hard, and abrasive materials.